Krishna’s statements are an early indication of how widespread generative AI’s impact could be inside corporations. Chegg, the online learning company, also said on Monday night that the viral chatbot, ChatGPT, is affecting its customer growth rate, causing its stock price to tank. While AI is likely to impact the workforce, economic analysts also cautioned that it’s still too early to tell how disruptive it’ll be.

“I think almost every job will change as a result of AI,” said Tom Davenport, a professor of information technology and management at Babson College. “It doesn’t mean those jobs will go away.”

In recent months, the general public has been dazzled by the capabilities of generative artificial intelligence, referring to software that creates text, images and video based on data it’s fed. OpenAI’s ChatGPT has penned heartfelt poems. Image-makers such as Midjourney have created pictures convincing people that the Pope wears Balenciaga. The rapper Drake’s voice has been cloned to create a song he didn’t sing.

While the products’ creative outputs have been lauded, they’ve also brought worry that rote administrative jobs will be replaced. Goldman Sach’s March report predicted 18 percent of work worldwide could be computerized, with white-collar workers more at risk than manual laborers.

The ability of AI software to generate new content that is “indistinguishable from human-created output” and breaks down communication barriers between humans and machines are key to why it might drastically affect the workforce, the report said.

Using jobs data in both the United States and Europe, report writers found that roughly two-thirds of current jobs are exposed to some degree of AI automation, and that generative AI could substitute for up to one-fourth of current work done by humans.

In particular, the report noted that office-support workers, lawyers and engineers are at most risk, rather than construction workers, maintenance professionals or building cleaning crews.

Krishna, who has been IBM’s CEO since 2020, said in his interview that rote tasks such as providing employment verification letters or shifting employees between departments could be fully automated. Other human resources functions, such as evaluating workforce productivity would be less likely for automation.

Of the company’s 26,000 non-customer facing roles, Krishna said he “could easily see 30% of that getting replaced by AI and automation over a five-year period.” The company announced in January it was laying off around 3,900 workers.

AI is also starting to financially affect other companies. After Chegg CEO Dan Rosensweig said in his company’s Monday evening earnings call that ChatGPT is slowing his customer-growth rate, the company’s stock fell 45 percent as the market opened Tuesday.

“This is not a sky’s falling thing,” Rosensweig said. “It’s just an acknowledgment that there’s been a technological shift. And we need to prepare for it and adjust our company and go after it aggressively and adjust our cost structure to do so.”

Davenport, of Babson College, said AI will likely affect how people do their jobs, but predictions saying it will put thousands of people out of work seem exaggerated. “We just have a poor record of predicting what jobs will go away,” he said.

He said most jobs involve many different tasks, not just a few that are replaceable by artificial intelligence. He added that if generative AI becomes more widespread in the workforce, people’s jobs could likely evolve rather than go away.

“[When] one task goes away, another task comes along to replace it,” he said. “Humans are pretty enterprising about finding new ways to be valuable.”